Brasil

Eleven plates of official data, 2006–2026

Every number here comes from the source that publishes it — IBGE, Banco Central, Tesouro Nacional, MDIC, IPEA, FBSP — and every plate is regenerated from committed CSVs, so the charts and the numbers on this page cannot drift apart. Where a series breaks, it is annotated rather than smoothed.

Where things stand

The plates

  1. The Brazilian Economy. Real growth, income per person in dollars, inflation against the target and unemployment at a series low. GDP R$ 12,739bn in 2025; Real growth +2.3% in 2025; Inflation 4.3% in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 01

    The Brazilian Economy

    Real growth, income per person in dollars, inflation against the target and unemployment at a series low.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • international/world.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FI.RES.TOTL.CD) · 2005-2025
    • macro/dollar.csvBanco Central — SGS series 1 (PTAX USD/BRL, free — sale, end of period) · 2005-2026
    • macro/economy.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS) · 2005-2025
    • macro/gdp.csvIBGE — Contas Nacionais (SIDRA tables 6784 & 1846, 5932) · 2006-2026
    • macro/inflation_target.csvConselho Monetário Nacional — inflation targets and tolerance intervals (CMN resolutions; a continuous target from 2025) · 2006-2026
    • macro/ipca.csvBanco Central — SGS series 433 (IPCA monthly %, compounded per year) · 2006-2026
    • macro/unemployment.csvIBGE — PNAD Contínua annual average (SIDRA 4562); PME annual (SIDRA 1168, 6 metro regions, old survey) · 2006-2026
    20062025
    R$ 12,739bn GDP 2025
    +2.3% Real growth 2025
    4.3% Inflation 2025
  2. Balance, Debt & Interest. General government on the IMF's basis, beside the measures Brazil argues in: the primary result, DBGG, DLSP and the interest bill. Gross debt (IMF) 93.3% GDP in 2025; Overall balance -7.4% GDP in 2025; Interest (NFSP) 7.9% GDP in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 02

    Balance, Debt & Interest

    General government on the IMF's basis, beside the measures Brazil argues in: the primary result, DBGG, DLSP and the interest bill.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • fiscal/debt.csvBanco Central — DBGG (SGS 13762, "Conceito Bacen") and DLSP (SGS 4513), % GDP, December values · 2006-2026
    • fiscal/general_government.csvIMF — World Economic Outlook and Fiscal Monitor, via DataMapper (GGR_G01_GDP_PT, G_X_G01_GDP_PT, GGXCNL_NGDP, GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT, GGXWDG_NGDP) · 2005-2025
    • fiscal/nfsp.csvBanco Central — NFSP sem desvalorização cambial, % PIB, fluxo acumulado em 12 meses, setor público consolidado (SGS 5727 resultado nominal, 5793 primário, 5760 juros nominais) · 2006-2025
    • fiscal/primary_result.csvTesouro Nacional — Resultado Primário do Governo Central, "acima da linha" (series-temporais.tesouro.gov.br, series 8911; % PIB 2015-2025 from PCPR/RTN publications) · 2006-2025
    • fiscal/tax_burden.csvReceita Federal do Brasil + Tesouro Nacional — Carga Tributária Bruta do Governo Geral. 2010-2025: STN new methodology (GFSM 2014, FGTS/Sistema S excluded), edition 2025 (published 10/04/2026). 2006-2009: RFB old methodology (Estudos Tributários 2015). · 2006-2025
    20052025
    93.3% GDP Gross debt (IMF) latest
    -7.4% GDP Overall balance 2025
    7.9% GDP Interest (NFSP) 2025
  3. Where the Money Goes. Spending by function — social protection against everything else — and how little the economy invests. Pensions R$ 1,101bn in 2025; Health R$ 217bn in 2025; Investment R$ 39bn in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 03

    Where the Money Goes

    Spending by function — social protection against everything else — and how little the economy invests.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • fiscal/cofog.csvTesouro Nacional, SOF and IBGE — Despesa por Função do Governo Geral (COFOG), edition 2023 spreadsheet (table 1.5.a, % do PIB) and edition 2024 report (Tabela 1) · 2010-2024
    • fiscal/investment.csvIBGE Contas Nacionais (FBCF, SIDRA 1846/6784); Tesouro — Orçamento GND4 (liquidado); Tesouro RTN série histórica (valor pago, GND4+5, % PIB published) · 2006-2025
    • fiscal/public_investment.csvOECD — National Accounts at a Glance, chapter 6, measure P51GS13 · 2005-2020
    20062025
    R$ 1,101bn Pensions 2025
    R$ 217bn Health 2025
    R$ 39bn Investment 2025
  4. Money & Markets. Brazilian equities in reais, in dollars, and beside the S&P 500 — the currency is half the story. USD/BRL R$ 5.03 in 2026; Selic 13.65% in 2026; Ibovespa 208,296 in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 04

    Money & Markets

    Brazilian equities in reais, in dollars, and beside the S&P 500 — the currency is half the story.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/dollar.csvBanco Central — SGS series 1 (PTAX USD/BRL, free — sale, end of period) · 2005-2026
    • macro/ipca.csvBanco Central — SGS series 433 (IPCA monthly %, compounded per year) · 2006-2026
    • macro/selic.csvBanco Central — SGS series 432 (Copom target rate, year end); 2026 = current level (series 1178) · 2006-2026
    • markets/bond_10y.csvTesouro Nacional — Tesouro Direto historical rates, NTN-F (Tesouro Prefixado com Juros Semestrais), one workbook a year · 2006-2026
    • markets/ibov.csvB3 — IBOVESPA official historical statistics (adjusted series); 2005-06 cross-checked vs BCB SGS series 7 · 2005-2026
    • markets/sp500.csvS&P 500 (^GSPC) final trading-day closes from Yahoo Finance history; cross-checks CNBC (2025), macrotrends (Oct 2026) · 2005-2026
    20052026
    R$ 5.03 USD/BRL latest
    13.65% Selic latest
    208,296 Ibovespa latest
  5. Credit & Household Debt. Households owe half a year's income and pay 38% a year to borrow. Debt service and arrears are at series highs. Household debt 49.9% in 2026; Rate paid by households 38.2% in 2026; Credit / GDP 55.5% GDP in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 05

    Credit & Household Debt

    Households owe half a year's income and pay 38% a year to borrow. Debt service and arrears are at series highs.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/credit.csvBanco Central — SGS 20622, 20539, 20714, 20715, 20716, 21082, 21084 · 1995-2026
    • macro/household_credit.csvBIS — total credit statistics, WS_TC Q.BR.H.A.M.770.A · 2005-2026
    • macro/household_debt.csvBanco Central — SGS 29037, 29038, 29034 (household indebtedness) · 2005-2026
    • macro/selic.csvBanco Central — SGS series 432 (Copom target rate, year end); 2026 = current level (series 1178) · 2006-2026
    20052026
    49.9% Household debt latest
    38.2% Rate paid by households latest
    55.5% GDP Credit / GDP latest
  6. Foreign Trade. A commodity-heavy export machine, a diversified import bill, and China replacing everyone else. Exports US$ 348bn in 2025; Imports US$ 280bn in 2025; Balance US$ +68bn in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 06

    Foreign Trade

    A commodity-heavy export machine, a diversified import bill, and China replacing everyone else.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • trade/destinations.csvSECEX EXP_ANUAL_{CHINA, ESTADOS UNIDOS, UNIÃO EUROPEIA, ARGENTINA, JAPÃO}.xlsx · 2006-2026
    • trade/exports_products.csvSECEX factor files + UN Comtrade supplements (HS 1507, 2207, 2710) · 2006-2025
    • trade/national_accounts.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS, NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS) · 2005-2025
    • trade/trade.csvMDIC/SECEX — "Balança Comercial Brasileira — Dados Consolidados" (TOTAIS_ANUAL.xlsx and product/destination factor files) · 2006-2026
    20062025
    US$ 348bn Exports 2025
    US$ 280bn Imports 2025
    US$ +68bn Balance 2025
  7. Brazil in the World. The economy in dollars, how the UNDP and Transparency International score Brazil, and the reserves behind the real. Reserves US$ 363bn in 2026; Corruption index 35/100 in 2025; HDI 0.786 in 2023. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 07

    Brazil in the World

    The economy in dollars, how the UNDP and Transparency International score Brazil, and the reserves behind the real.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • international/cpi.csvTransparency International — Corruption Perceptions Index (2006-2011 from archived TI tables; 2012+ from TI/Wikipedia compiled tables; 2024-25 from TI Brasil) · 2006-2025
    • international/world.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FI.RES.TOTL.CD) · 2005-2025
    • macro/gdp.csvIBGE — Contas Nacionais (SIDRA tables 6784 & 1846, 5932) · 2006-2026
    • macro/reserves.csvBanco Central — SGS series 3546 (international reserves, conceito liquidez, US$ mn, monthly) · 2006-2026
    • social/hdi.csvUNDP — Human Development Report 2025, complete time series (single vintage) · 2006-2023
    20062026
    US$ 363bn Reserves latest
    35/100 Corruption index 2025
    0.786 HDI 2023
  8. Inequality, Poverty & Wages. Inequality, how far poverty actually fell, and a minimum wage that gained far more in reais than in dollars. Gini (IBGE) 0.511 in 2025; Poverty, US$8.30 a day 20.6% in 2024; Minimum wage, R$ a month 1,621 in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 08

    Inequality, Poverty & Wages

    Inequality, how far poverty actually fell, and a minimum wage that gained far more in reais than in dollars.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/dollar.csvBanco Central — SGS series 1 (PTAX USD/BRL, free — sale, end of period) · 2005-2026
    • macro/ipca.csvBanco Central — SGS series 433 (IPCA monthly %, compounded per year) · 2006-2026
    • macro/minimum_wage.csvplanalto.gov.br legal acts (Decreto 12.797/2025 for 2026; Lei 11.321/2006 etc.) · 2006-2026
    • social/gini.csvIBGE SIDRA 7435 (column ibge, 2012+) and World Bank PIP SI.POV.GINI (column wb) · 2006-2025
    • social/poverty.csvWorld Bank PIP — SI.POV.UMIC (US$ 8.30/day) and SI.POV.DDAY (US$ 3.00/day), PPP 2021 vintage · 2006-2024
    20062024
    0.511 Gini (IBGE) 2025
    20.6% Poverty, US$8.30 a day 2024
    1,621 Minimum wage, R$ a month latest
  9. The Demographic Transition. Fertility down a third since 2000. The population peaks in 2041 and shrinks from 2042. Fertility rate 1.55 in 2024; Births 2,486,125 in 2024; Population 214.2M in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 09

    The Demographic Transition

    Fertility down a third since 2000. The population peaks in 2041 and shrinks from 2042.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/demography.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.TOTL.FE.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.DYN.CBRT.IN, SP.DYN.CDRT.IN, SM.POP.NETM), from the UN World Population Prospects · 2005-2025
    • social/population.csvIBGE — Projeções da População, revisão 2024 (tab4 indicadores, Brasil 2000-2070) · 2000-2070
    20002040
    1.55 Fertility rate 2024
    2,486,125 Births 2024
    214.2M Population 2026 · projected
  10. Violence. Homicides falling while police lethality climbs — two measurement systems, deliberately not spliced. Homicide rate 20.0/100k in 2024; Killed by police 3.1/100k in 2025; Femicides 1,571 in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 10

    Violence

    Homicides falling while police lethality climbs — two measurement systems, deliberately not spliced.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/deaths.csvMinistério da Saúde — SIM/DATASUS, Mortalidade Geral (TabNet, CID-10, óbitos por residência) · 2000-2025
    • social/demography.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators (SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.TOTL.FE.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.DYN.CBRT.IN, SP.DYN.CDRT.IN, SM.POP.NETM), from the UN World Population Prospects · 2005-2025
    • social/homicides.csvIPEA — Atlas da Violência (undocumented JSON API over DATASUS/SIM) · 2006-2024
    • social/population.csvIBGE — Projeções da População, revisão 2024 (tab4 indicadores, Brasil 2000-2070) · 2000-2070
    • social/security.csvWorld Bank — World Development Indicators: VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 (UNODC), SH.STA.SUIC.P5 and SH.STA.TRAF.P5 (WHO) · 2005-2023
    • social/violence_fbsp.csvFBSP — Anuário Brasileiro de Segurança Pública 2026 (20th ed., 2025 data) · 2012-2025
    20062024
    20.0/100k Homicide rate 2024
    3.1/100k Killed by police 2025
    1,571 Femicides 2025
  11. Mortality & Epidemics. COVID killed 425,218 in 2021 alone. Dengue set its record in 2024, and influenza in 2025. Registered deaths 1,534,588 in 2025; COVID-19 deaths 2,766 in 2025; Dengue deaths 2,024 in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 11

    Mortality & Epidemics

    COVID killed 425,218 in 2021 alone. Dengue set its record in 2024, and influenza in 2025.

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    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/deaths.csvMinistério da Saúde — SIM/DATASUS, Mortalidade Geral (TabNet, CID-10, óbitos por residência) · 2000-2025
    • social/epidemic_deaths.csvMinistério da Saúde — SIM/DATASUS, Mortalidade Geral (TabNet, CID-10) · 2000-2025
    • social/population.csvIBGE — Projeções da População, revisão 2024 (tab4 indicadores, Brasil 2000-2070) · 2000-2070
    20002025
    1,534,588 Registered deaths 2025
    2,766 COVID-19 deaths 2025
    2,024 Dengue deaths 2025