France

12 plates of official data, 2006–2026

Every number here comes from the source that publishes it — INSEE, Eurostat, the Banque de France and the ECB, the DGFiP and the Cour des comptes, the SSMSI — and every plate is regenerated from committed CSVs, so the charts and the numbers on this page cannot drift apart. Where a series breaks, it is annotated rather than smoothed.

Where things stand

The plates

  1. The French Economy. Real growth, income per person, inflation and unemployment — the four numbers the rest depend on. GDP €2,991bn in 2025; Real growth +0.8% in 2025; Inflation 0.9% in 2025; Unemployment 7.6% in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 01

    The French Economy

    Real growth, income per person, inflation and unemployment — the four numbers the rest depend on.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 4

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • international/world_wb.csvWorld Bank WDI — NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FI.RES.TOTL.CD · 2006-2025
    • macro/gdp.csvINSEE / Eurostat — comptes nationaux annuels, ESA 2010 (nama_10_gdp) · 2006-2026
    • macro/inflation.csvINSEE — Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC); Eurostat — HICP (prc_hicp_aind) · 2006-2026
    • macro/unemployment.csvINSEE — taux de chômage au sens du BIT, annual average; Eurostat une_rt_a as cross-check · 2006-2026
    20062025
    €2,991bn GDP 2025
    +0.8% Real growth 2025
    0.9% Inflation 2025
    7.6% Unemployment 2025
  2. Taxes, Deficit & Debt. Revenue against spending, the heaviest tax take in the EU, a deficit that never closes, and what the debt costs. Gross debt 115.7% GDP in 2025; Compulsory levies 43.6% GDP in 2025; Deficit -5.1% GDP in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 02

    Taxes, Deficit & Debt

    Revenue against spending, the heaviest tax take in the EU, a deficit that never closes, and what the debt costs.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 5

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • fiscal/debt.csvEurostat — EDP / Maastricht notification (gov_10dd_edpt1, GD) · 2006-2026
    • fiscal/deficit.csvEurostat — EDP / Maastricht notification (gov_10dd_edpt1) and gov_10a_main · 2006-2026
    • fiscal/revenue.csvEurostat gov_10a_main — total general government revenue and expenditure (% of GDP) · 2006-2026
    • fiscal/tax_burden.csvINSEE — taux de prélèvements obligatoires, comptes nationaux base 2020; Eurostat gov_10a_taxag · 2006-2026
    • macro/gdp.csvINSEE / Eurostat — comptes nationaux annuels, ESA 2010 (nama_10_gdp) · 2006-2026
    20062025
    115.7% GDP Gross debt 2025
    43.6% GDP Compulsory levies 2025
    -5.1% GDP Deficit 2025
  3. Where the Money Goes. Public spending by function — social protection against everything else the state has to carry. Total spending 57.3% GDP in 2024; Social protection 23.7% GDP in 2024; Public investment 4.4% GDP in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 03

    Where the Money Goes

    Public spending by function — social protection against everything else the state has to carry.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 2

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    20062024
    57.3% GDP Total spending 2024
    23.7% GDP Social protection 2024
    4.4% GDP Public investment 2025
  4. Foreign Trade. A goods deficit that became structural, and the aeronautics and luxury exports that soften it. Exports, goods and services 33.7% GDP in 2025; Balance, goods and services -0.5% GDP in 2025; Goods balance (customs) €-69bn in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 04

    Foreign Trade

    A goods deficit that became structural, and the aeronautics and luxury exports that soften it.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 5

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/gdp.csvINSEE / Eurostat — comptes nationaux annuels, ESA 2010 (nama_10_gdp) · 2006-2026
    • trade/destinations.csvDGDDI open data — share of total French goods exports by country of destination · 2006-2026
    • trade/exports_products.csvDGDDI open data ("bases complètes"), nomenclature A129, aggregated by product group · 2006-2025
    • trade/trade.csvDouanes/DGDDI — Le chiffre du commerce extérieur, FAB/FAB, données brutes · 2006-2026
    • trade/trade_na.csvINSEE national accounts via Eurostat — nama_10_gdp, P6 and P7, % of GDP · 2006-2025
    20062025
    33.7% GDP Exports, goods and services 2025
    -0.5% GDP Balance, goods and services 2025
    €-69bn Goods balance (customs) 2025
  5. Money & Markets. Eight years of negative rates, the OAT against the Bund, the euro against the dollar, and the CAC 40 beside the S&P 500. CAC 40 7,922 in 2026; 10-year OAT 3.35% in 2025; ECB rate 2.50% in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 05

    Money & Markets

    Eight years of negative rates, the OAT against the Bund, the euro against the dollar, and the CAC 40 beside the S&P 500.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 6

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/eurusd.csvECB — euro foreign exchange reference rates (EXR, D.USD.EUR.SP00.A) · 2006-2026
    • macro/inflation.csvINSEE — Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC); Eurostat — HICP (prc_hicp_aind) · 2006-2026
    • macro/policy_rate.csvECB — key interest rates (FM, D.U2.EUR.4F.KR.DFR.LEV and MRR_FR.LEV) · 2006-2026
    • markets/bond_yields.csvEurostat — irt_lt_mcby_a, EMU convergence-criterion long-term interest rates · 2006-2025
    • markets/cac40.csvEuronext Paris — CAC 40 (^FCHI) year-end closes · 2005-2026
    • markets/sp500.csvS&P 500 (^GSPC) year-end closes · 2005-2026
    20052026
    7,922 CAC 40 latest
    3.35% 10-year OAT 2025
    2.50% ECB rate latest
  6. Inequality, Poverty & the Minimum Wage. Inequality, a poverty rate that will not fall, and the SMIC in dollars and in real euros. Poverty rate 15.4% in 2024; Gini 0.302 in 2024; SMIC, gross a month €1,867 in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 06

    Inequality, Poverty & the Minimum Wage

    Inequality, a poverty rate that will not fall, and the SMIC in dollars and in real euros.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 6

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • macro/eurusd.csvECB — euro foreign exchange reference rates (EXR, D.USD.EUR.SP00.A) · 2006-2026
    • macro/inflation.csvINSEE — Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC); Eurostat — HICP (prc_hicp_aind) · 2006-2026
    • macro/smic.csvINSEE / Légifrance — SMIC, montant brut en vigueur (décrets et arrêtés de relèvement) · 2006-2026
    • social/gini.csvINSEE — indice de Gini du niveau de vie (ERFS); Eurostat EU-SILC (ilc_di12) as the second column · 2006-2026
    • social/poverty.csvINSEE — taux de pauvreté monétaire (ERFS), 60% and 50% of median; Eurostat ilc_li02 as cross-check · 2006-2026
    • social/poverty_wb.csvWorld Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform — SI.POV.UMIC · 2006-2023
    20062024
    15.4% Poverty rate 2024
    0.302 Gini 2024
    €1,867 SMIC, gross a month latest
  7. France in the World. The size of the economy in dollars, human development, how clean France is judged to be, and the gold behind its reserves. Reserves US$ 424bn in 2025; Corruption index 66/100 in 2025; HDI 0.920 in 2023. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 07

    France in the World

    The size of the economy in dollars, human development, how clean France is judged to be, and the gold behind its reserves.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 4

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • international/cpi.csvTransparency International — Corruption Perceptions Index, France · 2006-2025
    • international/world_wb.csvWorld Bank WDI — NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FI.RES.TOTL.CD · 2006-2025
    • macro/reserves.csvIMF IRFCL — official reserve assets, France (line I.A, approximate market value) · 2006-2026
    • social/hdi.csvUNDP — Human Development Report 2025, complete time series (single vintage) · 2006-2026
    20062025
    US$ 424bn Reserves 2025
    66/100 Corruption index 2025
    0.920 HDI 2023
  8. The Demographic Transition. Fertility at its lowest since the war, and deaths now outnumbering births. Fertility rate 1.56 in 2025; Births per 1,000 9.30 in 2025; Population 69.1M in 2026. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 08

    The Demographic Transition

    Fertility at its lowest since the war, and deaths now outnumbering births.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 2

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/population.csvINSEE — Bilan démographique (observed) and Projections de population, scénario central · 2000-2070
    • social/vital_rates.csvINSEE population estimates and vital statistics via Eurostat — demo_gind · 2006-2026
    20002025
    1.56 Fertility rate 2025
    9.30 Births per 1,000 2025
    69.1M Population 2026 · projected
  9. Violence. Homicides counted two incompatible ways, suicide, the roads, and the women killed by a partner. Homicide rate 1.4/100k in 2025; Suicide rate 13.0/100k in 2023; Killed by a partner 111 in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 09

    Violence

    Homicides counted two incompatible ways, suicide, the roads, and the women killed by a partner.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 6

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/causes.csvInserm-CépiDc causes of death via Eurostat (hlth_cd_acdr2, hlth_cd_aro); ONISR road deaths via Eurostat CARE (tran_sf_roadus) · 2006-2024
    • social/homicides.csvSSMSI — Insécurité et délinquance, bilan statistique (recorded offences); Inserm/CépiDc — causes de décès · 2006-2026
    • social/population_wb.csvWorld Bank WDI — SP.POP.TOTL and SP.POP.TOTL.FE.IN (UN WPP / INSEE) · 2006-2025
    • social/security_wb.csvWorld Bank WDI — VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 (UNODC), SH.STA.SUIC.P5 and SH.STA.TRAF.P5 (WHO) · 2006-2023
    • social/violence.csvMinistère de l'Intérieur / délégation aux victimes — étude nationale sur les morts violentes au sein du couple (annual); SSMSI — Interstats for the recorded-offence columns · 2006-2026
    • social/vital_rates.csvINSEE population estimates and vital statistics via Eurostat — demo_gind · 2006-2026
    20162025
    1.4/100k Homicide rate 2025
    13.0/100k Suicide rate 2023
    111 Killed by a partner 2025
  10. Mortality. The death rate, excess deaths, and COVID-19 and influenza counted three different ways. Deaths per 1,000 9.40 in 2025; COVID-19 deaths (certified cause) 8,549 in 2024; Influenza deaths (certified cause) 3,580 in 2024. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 10

    Mortality

    The death rate, excess deaths, and COVID-19 and influenza counted three different ways.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 4

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • social/all_cause_deaths.csvINSEE — Décès et taux de mortalité (état civil), table 2383440; Insee Focus n°389 "Les décès en 2025" for 2025. cepidc column: Inserm-CépiDc "Toutes causes", via DREES open data "Causes de décès" · 2006-2025
    • social/covid_deaths.csvSanté publique France — SI-VIC and SurvESMS surveillance, via data.gouv.fr (synthèse des indicateurs, file table-indicateurs-open-data-france-2023-06-30-17h59.csv); Inserm-CépiDc — U07.1 + U07.2 as cause initiale, via DREES open data "Causes de décès" (ensemble_tableaux_2024.csv) · 2020-2026
    • social/flu_deaths.csvInserm-CépiDc — influenza (J09-J11) as cause initiale, via DREES open data "Causes de décès"; Santé publique France — BEH seasonal influenza bilans (2015 n°32-33, 2016 n°32-33, 2017 n°22, 2018 n°34, 2019 n°28, 2022 n°21, 2025 n°17) and the IRA bulletins · 2010-2026
    • social/vital_rates.csvINSEE population estimates and vital statistics via Eurostat — demo_gind · 2006-2026
    20062025
    9.40 Deaths per 1,000 2025
    8,549 COVID-19 deaths (certified cause) 2024
    3,580 Influenza deaths (certified cause) 2024
  11. Credit and Household Debt. What borrowing costs, how much households owe, and why a rate shock left the existing stock almost untouched. New housing loan rate 3.12% in 2026; Household debt 59.4% GDP in 2025; Over-indebtedness filings 148,013 in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 11

    Credit and Household Debt

    What borrowing costs, how much households owe, and why a rate shock left the existing stock almost untouched.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 5

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • credit/household_debt.csvEuropean Central Bank — Quarterly Sector Accounts (compiled by the Banque de France); Eurostat nasa_10_f_bs; Bank for International Settlements — credit to the non-financial sector (WS_TC) and debt service ratios (WS_DSR) · 2006-2026
    • credit/lending_rates.csvEuropean Central Bank Data Portal — dataflow MIR (MFI interest rate statistics), French data collected and reported by the Banque de France · 2006-2026
    • credit/npl.csvECB Supervisory Banking Statistics (SUP); IMF Financial Soundness Indicators via the World Bank (FB.AST.NPER.ZS) · 2008-2025
    • credit/overindebtedness.csvBanque de France — surendettement des ménages: baromètre du surendettement (2011 edition, five-year table) and the annual enquêtes typologiques; Webstat series IFI.M.FR.SUREN.DEPOT for the machine-readable part · 2006-2026
    • macro/policy_rate.csvECB — key interest rates (FM, D.U2.EUR.4F.KR.DFR.LEV and MRR_FR.LEV) · 2006-2026
    20062025
    3.12% New housing loan rate latest
    59.4% GDP Household debt latest
    148,013 Over-indebtedness filings 2025
  12. Migration. Who arrives and who leaves, the share of residents born abroad, and the permits, asylum claims and naturalisations behind them. Immigrants 438,626 in 2024; Born abroad 14.0% in 2025; First-time asylum applicants 116,475 in 2025. Every figure is read from this country's committed CSVs. Plate 12

    Migration

    Who arrives and who leaves, the share of residents born abroad, and the permits, asylum claims and naturalisations behind them.

    View full size Download vector (SVG)
    Drawn from · 2

    The committed files this plate was read from, as recorded while it was drawn.

    • migration/migration.csvEurostat migration statistics for France — migr_imm1ctz, migr_emi1ctz, migr_pop3ctb, migr_pop1ctz, migr_asyappctza, migr_resfirst, migr_acq · 2006-2025
    • social/vital_rates.csvINSEE population estimates and vital statistics via Eurostat — demo_gind · 2006-2026
    20062025
    438,626 Immigrants 2024
    14.0% Born abroad latest
    116,475 First-time asylum applicants 2025